Subgroups are listed in alphabetical order under the
great group name.
Active, qualifying descriptor, 176
Anthropogenic, materials, 162
Apron, 166
Associates, soil, 3
Associations, soil, 3
Avalanched slope, 174
Azonal soils, 2
Beveled, 174
Black Chernozem, 68
Calcareous, 68
Eluviated, 68
Gleyed, 69
Gleyed Calcareous, 69
Gleyed Eluviated, 69
Gleyed Rego, 69
Gleyed Solonetzic, 69
Gleyed Vertic, 69
Orthic, 68
Rego, 68
Solonetzic, 68
Vertic, 69
Blanket, mineral, 166
Blanket, organic, 166
Blocky materials, 165
Bog, 163
Bouldery materials, 165
Bowl, organic, 166
Brown Chernozem, 63
Calcareous, 64
Eluviated, 64
Gleyed, 65
Gleyed Calcareous, 65
Gleyed Eluviated, 65
Gleyed Rego, 65
Gleyed Solonetzic, 65
Gleyed Vertic, 65
Orthic, 63
Rego, 64
Solonetzic, 64
Vertic, 65
Brunisolic order, 53-59
distinguishing from other orders, 54
great group separations, 55
Canada Soil Survey Committee (CSSC), 2
Catena, soil, 3
Chernozemic A horizon, 16, 34, 61, 62
Chernozemic order, 61-71
distinguishing from other orders, 62
great group separations, 63
Clay skins (films, argillans), 15, 22, 158
Clayey materials, 165
Climatic moisture index, 143
Coarse fragments, 158
Cobbly materials, 165
Colluvial materials, 162
Composite units of terrain, 177
Consistence, soil, 158
Control section, 11
mineral soils, 11
organic soils, 11
Coprogenous earth, 19
Crevasse fillings, 176
Criteria for defining taxa, bases of, from order to series, 7
Cryogenic forms, 74
circles, 74
earth hummocks, 74
nets, 74
polygons, 74
steps, 74
stripes, 74
Cryosolic order, 4, 73-79
great groups, 74
Cryoturbated surface, 174
Cryoturbation, 16, 73
Cumulic layer, 19
Cyclic variation, 10
Dark Brown Chernozem, 66
Calcareous, 66
Eluviated, 66
Gleyed, 67
Gleyed Calcareous, 67
Gleyed Eluviated, 67
Gleyed Rego, 67
Gleyed Solonetzic, 67
Gleyed Vertic, 67
Orthic, 66
Rego, 66
Solonetzic, 66
Vertic, 67
Dark Gray Chernozem, 69
Calcareous, 70
Gleyed, 71
Gleyed Calcareous, 71
Gleyed Rego, 71
Gleyed Solonetzic, 71
Gleyed Vertic, 71
Orthic, 70
Rego, 70
Solonetzic, 70
Vertic, 70
Deflated, 175
Delta kame, 176
Diatomaceous earth, 19
Domed, bog or fen, 174
Drainage classes, soil, 157
Duric horizon, 16
Dystric Brunisol, 58
Duric, 59
Eluviated, 59
Gleyed, 59
Gleyed Eluviated, 59
Orthic, 58
Eolian materials, 162
Eroded (channeled), 175
Eroded pits, 123
Eskers, 176
Eutric Brunisol, 56
Eluviated, 57
Gleyed, 57
Gleyed Eluviated, 57
Orthic, 56
Failing, surface, 175
Family criteria for mineral soils, 136
calcareous, 141
depth, 139
mineralogy, 139
particle size, 136
reaction, 139
soil climate, 141
Family criteria for Organic soils, 141
characteristics of surface tier, 141
limnic layer classes, 144
particle size of terric layer, 144
reaction, 141
soil climate, 141
Family, soil, 7, 135
nomenclature for, 144
Fan, 166
Fen, 164
Fennic horizon, 18
Ferro-Humic Podzol, 112
Duric, 113
Fragic, 113
Gleyed, 114
Gleyed Ortstein, 114
Gleyed Sombric, 114
Luvisolic, 113
Orthic, 112
Ortstein, 112
Placic, 113
Sombric, 114
Fibric material, 18, 98, 165
Fibrisol, 99
Cumulic, 100
Humic, 100
Hydric, 101
Limnic, 100
Mesic, 100
Terric, 100
Terric Humic, 101
Terric Mesic, 101
Typic, 100
Floating, organic surface, 174
Flowtills, 176
Fluting, 178
Fluvial materials, 163
Folisol, 104
Hemic, 104
Histic, 105
Humic, 104
Lignic, 105
Fragipan, 16
Genetic materials, landform, 162
consolidated component, 164
ice component, 164
unconsolidated mineral component, 162
Glacial, 176
Glaciofluvial, 176
Glaciolacustrine, 176
Glaciomarine, 176
Gleysol, 86
Fera, 87
Orthic, 87
Rego, 87
Solonetzic, 86
Vertic, 86
Gleysolic order, 81
distinguishing from other orders, 83
great group separations, 84
Gravelly materials, 165
Gray Brown Luvisol, 91
Brunisolic, 92
Gleyed, 92
Gleyed Brunisolic, 93
Gleyed Podzolic, 93
Gleyed Vertic, 93
Orthic, 92
Podzolic, 92
Vertic, 92
Gray Luvisol, 93
Brunisolic, 94
Dark, 94
Fragic, 94
Gleyed, 95
Gleyed Brunisolic, 95
Gleyed Dark, 95
Gleyed Fragic, 95
Gleyed Podzolic, 95
Gleyed Solonetzic, 95
Gleyed Vertic, 95
Orthic, 93
Podzolic, 94
Solonetzic, 94
Vertic, 94
Gullied, 175
Horizon boundary, 158
Horizons, see Soil horizons
Horizontal, organic surface, 174
Humic Gleysol, 85
Fera, 86
Orthic, 86
Rego, 86
Solonetzic, 85
Vertic, 85
Humic material, 18, 165
Humic Podzol, 110
Duric, 111
Fragic, 111
Orthic, 110
Ortstein, 111
Placic, 111
Humic Regosol, 119
Cumulic, 119
Gleyed, 119
Gleyed Cumulic, 119
Orthic, 119
Humic Vertisol, 133
Gleyed, 134
Gleysolic, 134
Orthic, 134
Humisol, 102
Cumulic, 103
Fibric, 103
Hydric, 104
Limnic, 103
Mesic, 103
Terric, 103
Terric Fibric, 103
Terric Mesic, 103
Typic, 102
Hummocky, 166
Humo-Ferric Podzol, 114
Duric, 115
Fragic, 116
Gleyed, 116
Gleyed Ortstein, 116
Gleyed Sombric, 116
Luvisolic, 116
Orthic, 115
Ortstein, 115
Placic, 115
relation to environment, 8
Sombric, 116
Hydric layer, 19
Ice, permafrost soils, 158
Inactive, qualifying descriptor, 176
Inclined, surface expression, 166
Intrazonal soils, 2
Kame terrace, 176
Karst modified, 175
Kettled, 175
Kettles, 176
Lacustrine materials, 163
Landform classification, 161
history, 161
objectives, 162
scope, 161
Layers, soil, 11
designation and definition, 11-12
named layers of Organic soils, 19
Level, 166
Limnic layer, 19
Lithic layer, 17, 19
Loamy materials, 165
Lowercase suffixes, 12
Luvic Gleysol, 84
Fera, 85
Fragic, 84
Humic, 84
Orthic, 85
Solonetzic, 84
Vertic, 84
Luvisolic order, 89
distinguishing from other orders, 91
genesis of, 90
great groups, 91
Map symbols, landforms, 176
Marine materials, 163
Marl, 19
Material modifiers, landform, 164
Melanic Brunisol, 55
Eluviated, 56
Gleyed, 56
Gleyed Eluviated, 56
Orthic, 55
Meltwater channels, 176
Mesic material, 18, 98, 165
Mesisol, 101
Cumulic, 102
Fibric, 101
Humic, 101
Hydric, 102
Limnic, 101
Terric, 102
Terric Fibric, 102
Terric Humic, 102
Typic, 101
Moder, 17
Modifying processes, landform, 174
Mor, 17
Morainal materials, 163
Mottling, mottles, 13, 81, 158
Mull, 17
forest mull, 91
National Soil Survey Committee (NSSC), 2
Nivated, 175
Nonsoil, 9
On-site symbols, 178
Organic Cryosol, 79
Fibric, 79
Glacic, 79
Humic, 79
Mesic, 79
Terric Fibric, 79
Terric Humic, 79
Terric Mesic, 79
Organic order, 97
distinguishing from other orders, 99
great groups, 99
Oriented clay, 15, 22
Ortstein, 16
Other layers, see Layers, soil
Oxidation-reduction potential, 82
Particle-size classes, family, 136
application of, 138
strongly contrasting, 138
Patterned ground, 74
Pebbly materials, 165
Pedon, 7, 9
classifying, 33
description, example of, 158
relation to series, 7
Permafrost, 73
Piping, 175, 176
Placic horizon, 16
Plateau, organic, 174
Podzolic B horizon, 17, 107
associated properties of, 109
Podzolic order, 107
distinguishing from other orders, 109
great groups, 110
relation to environment, 8
Pores, 158
Pyrophosphate index, 19
Qualifying descriptors, landforms, 175
References, 179
Regosol, 118
Cumulic, 118
Gleyed, 118
Gleyed Cumulic, 119
Orthic, 118
Regosolic order, 117
distinguishing from other orders, 117
great groups, 118
Ribbed, 174
Ridged, 166
Rolling, 166
Roots, 158
Rubbed fiber, 19
Rubbly materials, 165
Sandy materials, 165
Saprolite, 163
Silty materials, 165
Silvic horizon, 18
Slope classes, 149, 174
Sloping, 174
Slump structures, 175
Soil, 5, 9
early concept of, 1
general definition, 5
Soil classification, development in Canada, 1-6
keying out, 33
nature and purpose of, 5
See also Taxonomic systems
Soil classification systems, field system of Ellis, 1-2
U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2
Soil color, 157
Soil great groups, key to, 35
Soil horizons, 11
correlation of Canadian, U.S., and FAO designations, 153
designation and definition, 11-22
mineral horizons, 12-17
named diagnostic horizons, 16-18
need for precise definitions, 22
organic horizons, 17-20
rules concerning designation, 21
Soil mapping systems, need for, 3
Soil moisture subclasses, 143
Soil orders, key to, 33
Soil phase, 3, 144, 149
peaty, 151
rock outcrop, 150
slope, 149
soil deposition, 150
stoniness, 150
water erosion, 149
wind erosion, 149
Soil regions, in field system, 3
Soil series, 1, 3, 146
changes in concept of, 1, 146
guidelines for, 146
Soil subgroups, key to, 37
Soil subzones, in field system, 3
Soil survey, history, 1
Soil temperature classes, 142
Soil texture, 157
Soil type, 3
Soil water regime, 157
Soil zones, 2, 3
Soliflucted, 175
Solod, 122
Black, 127
Brown, 126
Dark Brown, 126
Dark Gray, 127
Gleyed Black, 127
Gleyed Brown, 127
Gleyed Dark Brown, 127
Gleyed Dark Gray, 128
Gleyed Gray, 128
Gray, 127
Solodized Solonetz, 124
Black, 125
Brown, 125
Dark Brown, 125
Dark Gray, 125
Gleyed Black, 126
Gleyed Brown, 126
Gleyed Dark Brown, 126
Gleyed Dark Gray, 126
Gleyed Gray, 126
Gray, 125
Solonetz, 123
Alkaline, 124
Black, 124
Brown, 123
Dark Brown, 124
Gleyed Black, 124
Gleyed Brown, 124
Gleyed Dark Brown, 124
Solonetzic B horizon, 17, 34, 122
Solonetzic order, 121
development of soils, 121
distinguishing from other orders, 123
great groups, 123
Sombric Brunisol, 57
Duric, 58
Eluviated, 57
Gleyed, 58
Gleyed Eluviated, 58
Orthic, 57
Sphagnic horizon, 18
Static Cryosol, 77
Brunisolic Dystric, 77
Brunisolic Eutric, 77
Gleysolic, 78
Histic Dystric, 78
Histic Eutric, 78
Histic Regosolic, 78
Luvisolic, 77
Orthic Dystric, 77
Orthic Eutric, 77
Regosolic, 78
Steep, 166
Structure, soil, 159, 160
Subdominant organic layer, 100
Substitute classes, soil family, 151
Surface expression, landforms, 165
Swamp, 164
Taxonomic classes, relationship to environment, 7
Taxonomic systems, soil,
attributes of in Canada, 6
basis of, 1
correlation of Canadian and other systems, 153
first Canadian 1955, 3
misconceptions regarding, 5
outline of Canadian system, 23
progress in Canadian system 1955, 4
rationale of in Canada, 5
relation of Canadian system to others, 8
See also Soil classification systems
Terraced, 166
Terric layer, 19
Tiers of Organic soils, 11
Transitional horizons, 21
Turbic Cryosol, 74
Brunisolic Dystric, 75
Brunisolic Eutric, 75
Gleysolic, 76
Histic Dystric, 76
Histic Eutric, 76
Histic Regosolic, 77
Orthic Dystric, 75
Orthic Eutric, 74
Regosolic, 76
Undifferentiated materials, 163
Undulating, 166
Unrubbed fiber, 19
Veneer, 166
Vertic horizon, 17
Vertic Solonetz, 128
Black, 128
Brown, 128
Dark Brown, 128
Gleyed Black, 129
Gleyed Brown, 128
Gleyed Dark Brown, 129
Vertisol, 132
Gleyed, 133
Gleysolic, 133
Orthic, 133
Vertisolic order, 131
definition, 131
distinguishing from other orders, 132
Volcanic materials, 163
von Post scale, 18, 20
Washed, 175
Woody materials, 165
Zonal soils, 2
Links:
> Index of Terms
